Antibacterial Analysis of Euodia suaveolens Scheff. Essential Oil against Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556 and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277

Abstrak

Euodia suaveolens Scheff.(zodia) is known as an exotic plant. However, several studies have shown that the plant contains essential oils (EOs) that can be utilized as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of E. suaveolens leaf EOs against Streptococcus sanguis and Porphyromonas gingivalis. E. suaveolens leaf EOs was tested for its characteristics as simplicia by yield, alcohol solubility, specific gravity, organoleptic, and GC-MS analysis. Antibacterial analysis was determined by the well diffusion method followed by the determination of the MIC. The results of the plant leaf EOs characteristic tests were as follows the yield of 0.209%, a specific gravity of 0.956 ± 0.002 g/mL, its solubility was clear, and no grains. The result of the GC-MS analysis showed four main compounds: menthofuran, 1-limonene, evodone, and perilla acetate. The results showed that E. suaveolens leaf EOs was able to inhibit S. sanguis with an average diameter at concentrations of 10, 15, 20, and 25%, namely 0, 1.08, 3.05, and 3.96 mm which indicated that at concentrations of 10% showed no inhibition zone. In contrast, 15, 20, and 25% concentrations showed antibacterial activities. P. gingivalis showed an average diameter of inhibition zones at each concentration were 0, 0, 1.48, and 2.2 mm, indicating that concentrations of 10 and 15% showed no inhibition zones and concentrations of 20 and 25% showed antibacterial activities. The MIC of E. suaveolens leaf EOs against S. sanguis was 30% and P. gingivalis was 80%. This study showed that E. suaveolens leaf EOs has a potential antibacterial activity against S. sanguis and P. Gingivalis, and needs further research.